Nombre: EUGENIO VINICIUS OLIVEIRA MATTEDI
Fecha de publicación: 02/09/2025
Supervisor:
Nombre |
Rol |
|---|---|
| PAULO SERGIO DA SILVA PORTO | Asesor |
Junta de examinadores:
| Nombre |
Rol |
|---|---|
| BRENO NONATO DE MELO | Coorientador |
| KINGLSTON SOARES | Examinador Externo |
| MARCELO SILVEIRA BACELOS | Examinador Interno |
| PAULO SERGIO DA SILVA PORTO | Presidente |
Resumen: Oil-in-water emulsions are a complex type of industrial effluent that is difficult to separate. These effluents often require innovative devices and techniques to remove the stabilized oil, thus reducing the dispersed oil concentration to levels suitable for
disposal in natural environments or industrial reuse. Coconut and sisal fibers are natural sorbents, as are the composites generated from them, which compose ecosorbents. This work proposes the use of raw and mercerized coconut and sisal fibers,
polyurethane, and their composites in a polyurethane matrix based on castor oil, at levels of 1% and 5% w/w, for the sorption of emulsified oils in water. The emulsions were synthesized in two concentration sets (Test 1 and Test 2) using engine lubricating
oil, sodium chloride, and surfactant. For each test system, the sorption of eco-sorbents with the emulsions during 24 hours of contact was studied. The sorption of the ecosorbents in pure lubricating oil, aqueous sodium chloride solution, and aqueous sodium chloride and surfactant solution was also evaluated. After mercerization, the fibers showed an increase in crystallinity index and polyose removal, as demonstrated by FTIR, SEM, and TGA/DTG analyses. The fibers before and after mercerization
demonstrated, via TGA/DTG, the ability to sorb both pure and emulsified oil. Oil sorption by the eco-sorbents was determined via TOG, analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Coconut fibers were more efficient than sisal fibers in removing emulsified oil, reaching 34% of the oil removal. The 5% raw coconut fiber ecocomposite adsorbs up to 33% of the emulsified oil, and the 5% raw sisal composites adsorb 51% of the emulsified oil. In general, all eco-sorbents have the capacity to absorb emulsified oil.
